Chapter 3.2: Modern Symbols of Atoms

From Dalton's Circles to IUPAC Standards

📚 Journey Through Atomic Symbols
Explore how we represent atoms - from Dalton's simple circles to modern chemical symbols, and understand the concept of atomic mass through an interesting watermelon analogy!

Welcome to Chapter 3.2

Discover the evolution of atomic symbols and the concept of atomic mass

H
Hydrogen
1 FMU
Fruit Mass Unit

Element Colors

Color Element
Red Oxygen (O)
White Hydrogen (H)
Black Carbon (C)
Explore Atomic Symbols & Mass
Current Lesson Status
Ready to explore the evolution of atomic symbols and the concept of atomic mass!

Modern Chemical Symbols (IUPAC Standards)

Element Name Symbol Origin (if applicable)
Hydrogen H -
Carbon C -
Nitrogen N -
Oxygen O -
Aluminium Al -
Chlorine Cl -
Zinc Zn -
Cobalt Co Note: not CO (carbon monoxide)
Iron Fe From Latin: Ferrum
Sodium Na From Latin: Natrium
Potassium K From German: Kalium
Copper Cu From Latin: Cuprum (Cyprus)
Silver Ag From Latin: Argentum
Gold Au From Latin: Aurum

Remember: The first letter is always uppercase, and the second letter (if present) is always lowercase.

Question 1: Define the atomic mass unit.
One atomic mass unit (u) is defined as exactly one-twelfth (1/12th) the mass of one atom of carbon-12. It was chosen as the standard reference for measuring atomic masses in 1961 by IUPAC.
Question 2: Why is it not possible to see an atom with naked eyes?
Atoms are extremely small, typically around 10^-10 meters in diameter. They are far smaller than the wavelength of visible light (400-700 nanometers), making them impossible to see with the naked eye. Even the most powerful optical microscopes cannot resolve individual atoms.